Analysis of the machine tool industry in China and the United States

The United States, as a former manufacturing power, is now also trying to revitalize its own manufacturing industry, machine tools and machining centers are also very important, and China as the world's first manufacturing power, known as the world factory, with the advancement of technology, especially pay attention to the high-tech content of machine tools and other industries, is transforming and upgrading from big ideas. The situation in terms of machine tool machining centers in the two countries is very different.

1. China and the United States are big consumers of machine tools From the perspective of output value, China is the world's largest machine tool producer, with an output value of 14.7 billion euros in 2012, accounting for 22.1% of global machine tools, and a 5% decline after years of growth. The United States continued to rank seventh, and the huge demand in the domestic market led to a 7% increase in machine tool output and a global share of 5.8%. From the perspective of the proportion of cutting machine tools, the output value of China's cutting machine tools accounts for 20.3% of the world, ranking second, and the proportion of cutting is 67%, lower than the global average of 73%; The development of forming machine tools is good, achieving an output value of 4.9 billion euros and a market share of 27.2%, ranking first. The proportion of cutting machine tools in the United States is 74%, slightly higher than the global level and the same as Germany. From the perspective of domestic machine tool demand, China's machine tool consumption reached 23.9 billion euros, accounting for 36% of global consumption, but consumption in local currency fell by 3% year-on-year. The United States became the second largest consumer market with $6.8 billion, with a growth rate of 19% in dollar terms, accounting for 10.2% of global machine tool consumption. From the perspective of export value, China's machine tool exports ranked eighth, but has not yet set foot in high-end equipment, accounting for 3.9% of the global machine tool market, the domestic market consumes 90% of machine tools, and the export rate is 10%; The United States exported 1.63 billion euros of machine tools, with an export rate of 46.5%. From the perspective of import value, China imported 10.6 billion euros of machine tools, accounting for 28.6% of global imports, which is the world's largest import market, and the import dependence is stable at the level of 45%. The United States imported 4.5 billion euros, accounting for 9.5%, making it the second largest importer with an import dependence of 67%.

2. Import comparison of processing centers From the perspective of import dependence, the import dependence of the United States is higher, increasing by 2 percentage points in 2012; China's machine tool self-sufficiency rate continues to increase, and since 2007, import dependence has fallen by 15 percentage points. In the first half of 2013, the import value of China's processing centers was 1.84 billion US dollars, a year-on-year decrease of 26.5%; Imports were 12,400 units, a year-on-year decrease of 43.0%; The unit price of imports was 148,000 US dollars per unit, a year-on-year increase of 29.0%. During the same period, the United States imported processing centers of US$620 million, down 22.2% year-on-year; Imports were 3,481 units, down 24.5% year-on-year; The unit price of imports was 178,000 US dollars per unit, a year-on-year increase of 3.0%. From the perspective of import value, the demand for China's processing centers is greater, about 3 times that of the United States, and the import volume is 3.6 times that of the United States, indicating that with the rapid growth of China's manufacturing industry, the demand for foreign high-tech processing centers is greater. From the perspective of import unit price, the price of products imported from the United States is higher, indicating that the demand for American products is more high-end than China. In terms of monthly imports, China's imported processing centers reached a record high of 5,851 units in August 2012, and then plummeted. The unit price of imports reached a low price of 102,000 US dollars per unit in October, and then gradually increased. In the first half of 2013, while the import volume gradually decreased, the unit price of imports continued to increase, and after reaching its peak in April, the price increase began to reverse in May and June. Compared with China, U.S. imports peaked in October 2011, then ran high, and began to decline after October 2012. Import prices bottomed out in June 2012 and then went higher, peaking at $220,000 per unit in November. In the first half of 2013, the volume of processing center imports and the unit price of imports imported by the United States declined, but contrary to China, this trend began to reverse in May and June.

3. Higher concentration of imports in the United States Japan, Germany and Taiwan are the top three sources of imports for Chinese processing centers in terms of import value. In the first half of 2013, imports from Japan amounted to US$739 million, a year-on-year decrease of 51.3%, accounting for 40.2% from 60.7% in the same period of 2012. Imports from Germany were 520 million US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 51.6%, accounting for 28.3% from 13.7%; Imports from Taiwan amounted to US$179 million, down 16.4% year-on-year, accounting for 9.7% from 8.6%. The fourth to tenth sources of imports are South Korea, Italy, the United States, Spain, France, Switzerland and Singapore; The top 10 import sources accounted for 98.5% of the total. Among the processing centers imported by the United States, Japan imported the most, importing US$350 million from Japan in the first half of 2013, down 26.4% year-on-year, and accounting for 56.5% from 59.6%. Taiwan, China, ranked second, with imports of US$64.812 million, down 29.1%, from 11.5% to 10.4%; Imports from Germany were 63.700 million US dollars, down 23.4%, and the proportion fell slightly from 10.3% to 10.2%. From fourth to tenth import source status, South Korea, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, China and Brazil; The top 10 import sources accounted for 99.6% of the total. From the perspective of Sino-US processing center trade, in the first half of 2013, the United States imported 5.409 million US dollars from China, down 38.6% year-on-year, accounting for less than 0.9%. China's imports of processing centers from the United States were 56.16 million US dollars, an increase of 60.6% year-on-year, accounting for 3.1%, reflecting the continuous improvement of the competitiveness of processing centers in the United States.

4. There are differences in the structure of imported products In the first half of 2013, the processing centers imported by China were mainly vertical machining centers, horizontal machining centers and gantry machining centers, of which 43.3% were mainly vertical machining centers, 44.5% were horizontal machining centers, 9.1% were gantry machining centers, and the rest were other machining centers. The machining centers imported from the United States are mainly vertical machining centers and horizontal machining centers, vertical machining centers with ATC (automatic tool changer) are divided into two categories of Y-axis travel of more than 660 mm and less than 660 mm, horizontal machining centers are divided into Y-axis travel of less than 658 mm, between 685~1016 mm and more than 1016 mm.

From the source of import unit price, the United States imports the most high-end processing centers from France, with a unit price of 469,000 US dollars / unit, followed by Switzerland 336,000 US dollars / unit, Germany, Italy, Japan processing centers with a price of 220,000 ~ 240,000 US dollars / unit, and products above 100,000 ~ 130,000 US dollars / unit come from Thailand, Denmark, Singapore, the Czech Republic, South Korea and China. The high-end processing center imported by China comes from Spain, the average price in the first half of the year is 1.540 million US dollars / unit, the Italian processing center is 1.109 million US dollars / unit, and the Czech unit price is close to 1 million US dollars / unit, indicating that the role of the Czech Republic as a European machine tool production base has been reflected in recent years, and the unit price of the machining center from Germany is 688,000 US dollars / unit; The unit price of machining centers from Singapore, South Korea and the United Kingdom is 10~180,000 US dollars / unit; The unit price of processing centers from Japan and Thailand is close to 100,000 US dollars / unit, and the products from Taiwan and the United States are about 70,000 US dollars / unit.